Shakespeares Jealous Husbands - 908 Words

Response to Shakespeare’s Jealous Husbands: Othello and Leontes In Shakespeare’s Jealous Husbands: Othello and Leontes by Paul Dean is a play that dramatized the comparison on how Jealousy in Othello with Jealousy in Shakespeare’s late romance The Winter’s Tale, serves as a substance that increases the rate of a chemical reaction without itself undergoing any permanent chemical change for further action. Shakespeare’s ideas about jealousy came from a variety of literary and cultural traditions, beginning with narrative of the Fall as he read it in the Book of Genesis and as he saw it in the medieval mystery plays still being performed during his adolescence. Jealousy is a leading motive in this story in the form of ‘‘covetousness, because†¦show more content†¦Moreover, all the mystery plays stress the contrast between Lucifer’s original brightness and beauty and the hellish blackness of his fallen appearance, a detail which we might remember when we hear Iago say that Cassio ‘‘h ath a daily beauty in his life and that makes me ugly’’ (Taylor.20). In addition, there is no such secure moral framework in Othello, because Shakespeare complicates our reactions by making his jealous husband a figure of some nobility and dignity, pitiable rather than contemptible in his blindness. None of the central figures of those domestic tragedies could call themselves ‘an honorable murderer’ as Othello does. This paradox is not completely implausible, for the reason he gives: ‘‘naught I did in hate, but all in honor’’ (Groves.293). Jealousy is closely bound up with one’s sense of what is due to one, the respect and self-respect essential to maintain an honorable place among one’s peers. A pre-Christian honor code is operating in the play; it is striking that Othello’s response to Iago’s insinuations is not to bring Desdemona to open court, as Leontes does with Hermione, or to seek the counsel o f the Church. If Iago really thought that Othello had cuckolded him with Emilia, then in a twisted fashion he is also acting according to the honor code. Finally after analyzing the differences I would then moved to compared the similarity of the play, In the firstShow MoreRelatedEssay about Destructive Jealousy in Iago and Othello1006 Words   |  5 Pages Following the recent study of Shakespeare’s play â€Å"Othello†, we found a lot of information about the play and the theme jealousy. Shakespeare wrote tragedies, comedies and histories, all were in five acts of poetry. My definition of jealousy is where someone has something or is able to do something that another person can do. They are jealous because the other people are able to and have the things they want but can’t get. The play ‘Othello’ is in Shakespeare’s group of tragedies, because of theRead MoreJealousy In Othello Essay758 Words   |  4 PagesIn William Shakespeare’s tragedy Othello, the Moorish general in the Italian army, Othello, tragically downfalls due to jealousy. Othello has recently married Desdemona, and Iago being jealous that Cassio, the local drunk, got offered the position of lieutenant over himself, decides to disrupt Othello and Desdemona’s new marriage. Iago’s plan includes getting Cassio dru nk and in a fight, so that Othello will not want him as lieutenant anymore. Then Iago will convince Cassio to go to Desdemona, soRead MoreJealousy In Othello Essay1517 Words   |  7 Pagesis the way the world will be tomorrow. I hope that was not confusing. The important word in the first sentence is â€Å"see,† and the important word in the second sentence is â€Å"is.† â€Å"See† connotes a perspective, while â€Å"is† connotes an action. William Shakespeare’s, Othello, incorporates both perspective and action, however, Shakespeare adds an additional element: temporality. In Othello, Shakespeare personifies jealousy through the character Iago to argue that our perspectives may be temporary, but our actionsRead MoreRacism In Othello Analysis829 Words   |  4 Pagesthis primal scene of racism, believes that Desdemona is cheating on him because he is not of the same race. This shows how Iago was able to easily manipulate Othello. I will use this article to discuss how Iago exploits Othello’s race to stir up jealous emotions. â€Å"Othello’s belief in Desdemona’s preference is not a reflection of his self-hatred; rather, the alleged inferiority of black to white is a culturalRead MoreEssay on Othello; Jealousy1702 Words   |  7 PagesThroughout Shakespeare’s Othello, the major theme of jealousy is apparent. The tragedy Othello focuses on the doom of Othello and the other major characters as a result of jealousy. In Shakespeare’s Othello, jealousy is portrayed through the major characters of Iago and Othello. It utterly corrupts their lives because it causes Iago to show his true self, which in turn triggers Othello to undergo an absolute conversion that destroys the lives of their friends. Othello represents how jealousyRead MoreThe Weaknesses Of Othello By William Shakespeare933 Words   |  4 Pagesis remarkable according to Paul Dean. In Dean’s literary analysis on the jealous husbands of Shakespeare’s plays, he discusses how Shakespeare’s use of jealousy in Othello is arguably one of the most noteworthy examples ever written (Dean 246). In his final monologue, Othello briefly mentions jealousy. Othello explains that â€Å"Of one not easily jealous, but being wrought†, meaning that, while it was not easy, once he was jealous, it drove him mad (5.2.350). Although Othello only briefly mentions thisRead MoreThe Significance of Emilia in Othello Essay879 Words   |  4 PagesThe Significance and Dramatic Purposes of Emilia In Shakespeare’s â€Å"Othello†, Emilia is considered one of the minor characters. She is the wife of Iago and the lady in waiting to Desdemona. Emilia makes a crucial contribution to the play as a whole. She contributes to the characterization of a couple of key characters and adds to the dramatic irony of the play. She plays an essential role in the escalation of the dramatic action. She also adds to some of the themes of the play. Emilia contributesRead MoreEssay about Jealousy in Shakespeares Othello1581 Words   |  7 Pages   One of Shakespeares most credible characteristics in his writing is his ability to compose a play in which has a story that originates, and strides on lies. As theses lies were unraveled the central theme of his play became distinct, and clearly visible. The central theme was based on the acts that characters had taken based on their jealous feelings. The flaws within all of the characters lied within their blindness to over look Iagos lies. What made each character jealous, was what theyRead MoreFrom Valiancy to Vengeance in Shakespeare ´s Othello794 Words   |  4 PagesHatred, in Shakespeare’s Othello, destroyed the lives of so many innocent people, creating an atmosphere of fear and mayhem. Jealousy turned into a deep hatred, and liberated the beast in man (Blooms major dramatists).This mayhem caused a substantial amount of destruction and led to the demise of many. Hatred in Othello starts with Brabantio, who claims Othello is a noble, respectable man. However, Brabantio hates dark skin and foreign roots, two attributes Othello possesses. Brabantio’s hatredRead MoreOthello’s Dramatic Flaw in Shakespeares Othello Essay1347 Words   |  6 Pagescharacters in all of Shakespeare’s dramas. He enjoyed unheralded success in the combat zone, which gave him the reputation as one of Venice’s most competent generals. Even though he has great success in the battlefield, he has a dramatic flaw that causes a downfall in his life. The dramatic flaw that causes his downfall is jealousy. This was brought on by a simple persuasion of Iago, the evil character in the play. Even though Iago used extreme manipulation to get Othello to be jealous, Iago did not really

Mcdonald s The Largest Fast Food Restaurant Essay

McDonald’s Our whole concept was based on speed, lower prices and volume. A guy comes in; you ask him what he wants on his burgers; he says, I got to go back to the car to ask my wife. Wouldn t work. Mr McDonald McDonald’s is the largest fast food restaurant in the world both in terms of customers served and revenue generated. McDonald’s is a chain of fast food restaurants that was established by two brothers called Richard and Maurice McDonald. The two brothers opened their first restaurant up in California in 1940. A few years later a man called Ray Kroc visited the brother’s restaurant and was very fascinated by how efficient the brothers operation was that he pitched his vision of creating McDonald’s restaurants across the U.S. Kroc noticed that the brothers had a limited menu that concentrated on just a few items. The brothers had 25 items on their menu. In 1955, Kroc founded the McDonald’s system. Six years later he bought the exclusive rights to the McDonald’s name. Ray Kroc’s vision was to build a restaurant system that would be famous for providing consistent high quality food and consistent methods for preparation. Basically he wanted the food in one restaurant to taste the exact same in another restaurant. To attain his vision, he chose a unique path: persuading both franchisees and suppliers to buy into his vision. Kroc’s motto was â€Å"quality, service, cleanliness and value†. Due to this motto, customers know exactly what to expect when they walkShow MoreRelatedMcdonald s Restaurant : The World Largest Hub For The Fast Food Sector1718 Words   |  7 PagesMcDonald’s Restaurant is the world largest hub for the fast food sector. I am working as an assistant manager. In this report, I will be evaluating the effectiveness of the use of management information system in the McDonald’s Restaurant. Background: McDonald’s is the one of the leading fast food restaurant chains all over the world. This company firstly opened in San Bernardino, California in 1940 as a barbecue shop owned by two brothers, Richard and Maurice. After opening the restaurant they startedRead MoreMcdonald s Corporation : The World s Largest Chain Of Fast Food Restaurants Essay1600 Words   |  7 PagesCorporation is the world’s largest chain of fast food restaurant, serving nearly 69 million customers daily through more than 36,538 restaurants in 119 countries worldwide (McDonald s, n.d.). McDonald’s is one of the most valuable brands, worth more than $25 billion. The business began in 1940, with a barbecue restaurant opened by brothers Dick and Mac McDonald in San Bernardino, California. The present corporation dates its founding to the opening of a franchised restaurant by Ray Kroc in Des PlainesRead MoreCorporate Social Responsibility : Mcdonald s The World s Largest Chain Of Hamburger Fast Food Restaurants1014 Words   |  5 Pages Tiffany SFB1 McDonald’s is the world’s largest chain of hamburger fast food restaurants, serving around 68 million customers daily in 119 countries across 35,000 outlets. This company has joined the CSR program and be more socially responsible such as doing charity,promoting healthy eating and improving sporting opportunities in some local school. Some people believe that this attempt is beneficial for such a firm. Therefore, I partly agree with this statement. CSR (Corporate SocialRead MoreMcdonald s Swot Analysis For Marketing Success1238 Words   |  5 Pagesclearly shows that McDonalds is achieving its success by listening to customers and fulfilling their needs. its recognized through more and more promotions and advertisements and also through its logo design which is a huge yellow M. McDonalds also keep in mind the customers need and by looking at it, they decide what to serve, what will be the price of the product, how to advertise its product and the location of the restaurant. Which will be more convenient to the customers McDonalds also identifiesRead MoreFast Foods And Fast Food1649 Words   |  7 PagesFast food is popular because it s convenient, it s cheap, and it tastes good. But the real cost of eating fast food never appears on the menu, was said by Eric Schlosser. Several people in America have become dependent on fast foods. How many of the people who eat this food actually know what is really in the food or how it was made? Others don t think about it, because within ordering, three minutes later a customer can pull up to the window, pay, and get food. It is quick and cheap. The UnitedRead MoreBurger King Is The Best Burger Chain1063 Words   |  5 Pagesburger chain among those three. By stating straightforward, Mcdonald s share the most in the hamburger industry. However, Burger King is much better than McDonald s business wise, taste wise, and charity wise. Burger King was founded in 1954, and is the second largest hamburger chain in the world. Burger King serves in 79 countries and every day, more than 11 million people come to Burger King around the world. Although McDonald’s is the largest company with 68 million people visiting everyday and servingRead MoreFast Food Franchising Company And Corporation1342 Words   |  6 PagesMcDonald’s is a very well-known fast food franchising company and corporation. The company was first established in 1940 by brothers Richard and Maurice McDonald. Surprisingly the restaurant was not named â€Å"McDonalds† from the beginning, it was actually named â€Å"McDonald’s Bar-B-Q† and it held many menu items, but mostly barbecue. After eight years of selling their menu, the brothers noticed hamburgers were their bestselling item. It was at that time, in 1948, that the McDonald brothers closed down theirRead MoreThe Mcdonald’s Case: Strategies for Growth996 Words   |  4 Pagesconsultants in Ho Chi Minh City Email: gianglevn@yahoo.com Abstract: This paper presents a case study of international franchising, focusing on fast-food sector. McDonald s is one of the world s premier entrepreneurial success stories. However, early in 2003, McDonald’s has announced a re-structure plan including cutting jobs, closing many restaurants and slowing down the expansion plan. What went wrong with McDonald’s and what can other international franchises learn from these mistakes areRead MoreThe Success Of The Fast Food Industry1295 Words   |  6 Pagesboard at a restaurant, hoping to learn the world of business. He decided to put his restaurant knowledge to use as a traveling milkshake machine salesman. The machines that he sold made five shakes at once, increasing restaurant efficiency. This business remained in sales for 17 years. The fast food industry began with two brothers, Mac and Dick McDonald, in San Bernardino, California in the 1940s. They owned a small, but very successful restaurant that sold only a few kinds of simple food, mostlyRead MoreConsumer Attitudes to Western Fast Food Restaurants1112 Words   |  5 PagesConsumer attitudes to Western fast food restaurants 1. The introduction of the program. I am the manager of a restaurant, I plan to affiliate a western fast food restaurant. so, I have to investigate the attitudes toward western fast food restaurants in Xi an city. Among most western restaurants, the KFC, the McDonalds and the Pizzahut. Therefore, I decide to carry on the market survey. 2. The background and history of the three companies. KFC Corporation (KFC), founded and also known as Kentucky

Mesopotamia and China Free Essays

Although Mesopotamia and China had similarities in politics, economics, social organization, and religion between 8000 BCE – 600 CE, they also had differences. Both Mesopotamia and China followed the same pattern to state and empire building (Supanick, Notes 2012). They both also had agricultural and trade societies (Supanick, Notes 2012). We will write a custom essay sample on Mesopotamia and China or any similar topic only for you Order Now Both also had social inequities and were both polytheistic (Supanick, Notes 2012). They also had important differences, Mesopotamia’s empires were replaced by outside groups as in China’s empires being replaced by other chinese (Supanick, Notes 2012). Also, Mesopotamia had a lot of long distance trade, while China trade more internally, with the exception of the Han (Supanick, Notes 2012). They also had differences in their social stratification, Mesopotamia had a major priest class. China had one but is was not important as the one in Mesopotamia (Supanick, Notes 2012). Religiously, China had a diversity in religion, as in Mesopotamia’s one religion (Supanick, Notes 2012). China and Mesopotamia had many political similarities. Both civilizations were threatened by invaders. Mesopotamia was threatened by many invaders that sometimes conquered and established empires in the area, like the Assyrians and Babylonians. The biggest invaders of China were the Xiongu, a nomadic group from the north. Both were invaded for many reasons. One reason was the invaders were trying to expand and/or conquer. Also, the geography of the areas predisposed invasion. Another political similarity was the type of government, which was monarchy. Mesopotamia had many different leaders, the first was Sargon, followed by Hammurabi. China also many leaders, the emperor at the height of the Han was Wudi. Monarchs arose in Mesopotamia and China because peoples were seeking protection and power. A final political similarity was the order of state and empire building. Both China and Mesopotamia followed this order: Rise of Agriculture to Villages to City-States to Kingdoms to Empires. Both civilizations followed this pattern because of population growth, that allowed them to expand and grow. Mesopotamia and China also had political differences. Both civilizations had many different empires, however Mesopotamia had more than China. Mesopotamia empires were being replaced frequently, as in China empires lasted longer. Mesopotamia had many empires coming in and replacing each other. Sargon and the Akkadians were the first, then Hammurabi and the Babylonians, then the Assyrians, and then Nebuchadnezzar and the Babylonians. While China only had the Qin, that was later replaced by the Han. This difference occurs because Mesopotamia had many invaders and the geography made them open for invasion, as in China they didn’t have to worry about many invaders and had protection by having parts of the great wall to protect them. Another political difference is the groups of people who conquered the empires. In Mesopotamia, their empire were conquered by external invaders, as in China their empires were conquered by other chinese civilizations. In Mesopotamia, the Babylonians were conquered by the Assyrians, an external invader. In China, the Qin empire eventually replaced with the Han, a chinese civilization. Like other differences this happens because of invaders and geography. Mesopotamia has many invaders and is open to invasion while China is composed of many neighboring chinese civilizations protected by some parts of great wall and only have some invaders. Not only does Mesopotamia and China have political similarities they also have economic similarities. One economic similarity is their mode of production which is Agriculture and Trade. Mesopotamia did a lot of trade and farming, they farmed wheat and barely. China grew rice and millet and trade mostly internally until the Han and the Silk Road. Both civilizations were agricultural and trade societies because their geography allowed them to farm and trade easily. Another economic similarity is agricultural technologies. Both civilizations created many ways to make farming easier. They both made irrigation systems and agricultural tools like the wheel. They both created new technologies to make farming easier and more productive. Mesopotamia and China also had economic differences. Mesopotamia and China did not always traded long distances. Mesopotamia traded long distances, unlike the chinese who only traded internally. Mesopotamia and China traded to get things they couldn’t, but China only traded internally because they were ethnocentric. They thought they were superior to others and would be thought as soiled if they were dealing with foreigners. However, when the Han took over China they established the Silk Road that they traded long distantly on. Another economic difference is what they grew. China grew rice and millet, while Mesopotamia grew wheat and barely. This difference occurs because of their geography and climate. Mesopotamia’s geography and climate was favorable to wheat and barely, while China’s was favorable to rice and millet. Mesopotamia and China also had social similarities. Both civilizations had major inequities in society. China’s stratification was: Emperor, Nobles, Peasants, and Merchants. Mesopotamia’s stratification was: Emperor, Priest, Nobles, Artisan, Peasants/Slaves. The upper class in both societies made up about 5% of the population while the peasants and slaves made up 95% of it. However the upper class got 95% of the wealth, while the peasants and slaves got 5% of it. This occurred because people with power were not interested in sharing and didn’t care for those below them. Another similarity is the Emperor was the all powerful leader. How to cite Mesopotamia and China, Essay examples

Heart of Darkness11 Essay Example For Students

Heart of Darkness11 Essay It is often said that when considering a work of great literature, the title of such work can be just as important as the context of the story. Authors time and again wait until they have completed the context of their work to give it a title as to make sure this chosen title is the best possible representation of their work. Stated equally as often is that the significance of some of these titles is easy to recognize while in other titles, the significance is only developed gradually. The latter is the case for Joseph Conrads Heart Of Darkness. The author implements the literary devices of contrast, repetition and point of view to successfully convey the meaning and symbolism of his title. At first read through the short book, one may perceive the heart of darkness to simply be the wilderness in the center of Africa into which Marlow is headed. This in not incorrect, however the meaning of the title is multi-faceted, moving and morphing into other parts of its meaning as the story moves on. Under further scrutiny, the reader will notice Conrads drastic use of contrast. The contrasts include that between light and dark in the grove of death, black and white of the people, ultimately between civilization and the uncivilized wilderness these men are there to colonize. A distinct barrier is set around this uncivilized are as some deep, dark, brooding place where all bad part of humanity can stir. From this, the reader can establish that a second meaning on the heart of darkness referred to in the title is that out of civilized society, man is believed to live in some hellish arena, in this immense darkness. Further showing this meaning as well as bringing in another is Conrads use of repetition in his book. The most noticeable repetition in the book is the use of the title or some close variation of it to describe certain places, events, and people. The use of such phrases when describing parts of the wilderness or those things in nature only reassured the previous meaning. The use of such phrases when referring to people, such as the cry of the natives and in certain references to Kurtz implies another, rather startling meaning: that the heart of darkness in not a part of the world, something someone can visit and touch and explain to other people; rather, this heart of darkness is something inside people. One may take this only to mean the savage people in the wilderness, surrounding Kurts Inner Station but there is more, which extends to all man. This is most clearly seen in the closing moments of the tale when the reader is returned to the boat from whence the story began. The tale is now over of Marlows enlightenment in the center of the world, but the journey that these men are on is not completed. As the tale is told, the men notice that Marlow has been talking all night and the dawn is now approaching, however with a dark, overcast sky. This darkness cast over the water ahead of them makes it seem as though they, too, are traveling into some immense darkness. These men are not free of that darkness, and neither is anyone else. Deep down, even human has a part of some greater savagery that is inescapable and even more incomprehensible. The point of view in which the context of the short novel is conveyed is also important to the reader in establishing a meaning for the title. Beginning as a frame tale and moving into a first-person narrative and finally returning to the cruiser to end the frame is extremely powerful in conveying the meanings of Heart of Darkness. The frame introduces a separation in time that is ultimately gapped in the closing portions of the story. The gapping of the separation is important to conclude that the meanings are not simply applicable only to those of a certain place at a certain time. The meanings of the title span all geographical limits as well as all bounds of time. The main part of the context being told in the first-person by Marlow is also instrumental in conveying exactly what the author means. Marlows interpretation of things and impressions of places and people contribute to the perception of the reader, who is bound by what he is told. To be told the story in an omniscient point of view, for example, may give the reader too much freedom to interpret the symbolic nature of the title, possibly perverting it into something not intended by the author. The first person also includes the changes and enlightenments undergone by Marlow. These too are important to the significance of the title. .ua7a145ffb89526a0664179b84742cebf , .ua7a145ffb89526a0664179b84742cebf .postImageUrl , .ua7a145ffb89526a0664179b84742cebf .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .ua7a145ffb89526a0664179b84742cebf , .ua7a145ffb89526a0664179b84742cebf:hover , .ua7a145ffb89526a0664179b84742cebf:visited , .ua7a145ffb89526a0664179b84742cebf:active { border:0!important; } .ua7a145ffb89526a0664179b84742cebf .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .ua7a145ffb89526a0664179b84742cebf { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .ua7a145ffb89526a0664179b84742cebf:active , .ua7a145ffb89526a0664179b84742cebf:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .ua7a145ffb89526a0664179b84742cebf .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .ua7a145ffb89526a0664179b84742cebf .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .ua7a145ffb89526a0664179b84742cebf .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .ua7a145ffb89526a0664179b84742cebf .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .ua7a145ffb89526a0664179b84742cebf:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .ua7a145ffb89526a0664179b84742cebf .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .ua7a145ffb89526a0664179b84742cebf .ua7a145ffb89526a0664179b84742cebf-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .ua7a145ffb89526a0664179b84742cebf:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Yom Kippur War EssayThe title of a book can either add to or take away from the overall meaning of a book, and even then, the significance of the title may only be fully realized after one is completed with the work. Joseph Conrads choice of Heart of Darkness is shown to be one that adds and important meaning to the story as it is developed through the writers use of contrast, repetition and point of view. Bibliography:

Exploring the Substance Abuse Treatment Programs

Abstract This research paper establishes that the problem of substance abuse in the female sex is increasing in most parts of the world. The trend is worrying. Some of the policy changes discussed include the use of specialized care providers, provision of care in the society, and the establishment of more women-specific rehabilitation centers. Issues concerning the course and nature of substance abuse, addiction, recovery, and relapse among this population of female substance abusers have also been discussed.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Exploring the Substance Abuse Treatment Programs specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Various evidence-based approaches to treating substance abuse and addiction in various settings in the selected target population will be tackled in the research paper. The context of a changing health care environment for women substance abusers will also be highlighted. Important ther apies such as the nontraditional approaches of motivational therapy, solution-focused brief, and group therapies will take the center stage. SFGT emerges a futuristic treatment modality for women with substance abuse problems. Introduction Women are a special population of drug abusers. They provide a challenge to any group or individuals who are working towards their treatment. Like many states in the US, the state of Florida is one of the most affected with the problem of drug abuse among women. The impacts of substance abuse are relatively similar to those in the male population. However, this group of substance abusers also faces special challenges. Therefore, it is important to examine the impact of substance abuse on this population and its recovery at an individual (micro) and systems (macro) level. This research paper looks at substance abuse in women, evidence-based approaches to the provision of treatment services for them, and any historical and current policy issues that may have prevented or supported treatment-service delivery to this client group. Relevant Policy Issues Policies addressing the treatment of substance abuse in women with substance abuse problem have been developed from many research findings. The treatment of the special client group is mostly similar to the male colleagues, although there are few variations in the policies. Zarkin, Dunlap, and Homsi (2004) looked at some of the substance abuse services cost analysis programs (SASCAP) and some of the major policies in the management of substance abuse. Some of the policy changes include the allocation of scarce drug abuse treatment dollars (Zarkin, Dunlap, Homsi, 2004). A major policy is the establishment of the Center for Substance Abuse Treatment (CSAT), which is responsible for the treatment of drug abusers. Grella and Greenwell (2004) and Cowan, Deering, Crowe, Sellman, Futterman-Collier, and Adamson (2003) report a considerable increase in the number of women abusing drugs i n the United States.Advertising Looking for research paper on health medicine? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Grella and Greenwell (2004) noted that non-specialized and mixed gender individuals mostly managed the treatment programs that were in place. However, they were less likely to address the problems of this group of clients. Most of the women who abuse drugs are also treated as outpatients, hence corresponding to treatment for other groups of drug abusers. Some of the challenges include the existence of few facilities that are dedicated to the treatment of substance dependence in women only. As Grella and Greenwell (2004) state, the women-only providers were more concentrated in the residential facilities. Even though these facilities provide advanced care to the women who are known to be drug abusers, they make up only a small proportion of the treatment system. However, over the past few years, there has been growing attention to the treatment programs for the women drug abusers globally, especially in the US. Some of the policies that have positively affected funding of programs for treatment of women with the problem include the federal block grant, initiation of projects that are federally funded, and the â€Å"women’s set-aside† (Grella, Greenwell, 2004, p. 378). The state of Florida has a treatment program for drug abusers. However, the number of women-specific facilities is still small. The program in place in this region is the Substance Abuse and Mental Health (SAMH) program, which operates within the Florida Department of Children and Families (DCF). It is the single-state authority on substance abuse and mental health (Substance Abuse, 2014). The region also has a treatment and referral system for drug abusers in accordance with the national policy on drug abuse. The US Department of Health and Human Services, specifically the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration’s (SAMHSA), has a national drug and alcohol treatment referral service, which provides Spanish and English treatment programs for the residents for free and with assurance of confidentiality (Substance Abuse, 2014). Nature of Substance Abuse, Addiction, Recovery, and Relapse Substance abuse in women is a common problem as stated above, with millions being affected by the problem. The cause of the substance abuse is dependent on the individual factors and drug characteristics that the individual is abusing (Doweiko, 2008). Harmful drug abuse rarely occurs before teenage, with most of the abusers being over 15 years (McCollum, Trepper, Smock, 2003). The disorder or habit begins to increase with the increasing age, with a described peak being witnessed in the early 20s (Berg, Miller, 1992). In one of the population studies in the US, the prevalence of alcohol dependence was reported at 2% in people aged 12 to 17 years. The incidence was higher in 18- to 20â€⠀œyear-olds, standing at 12% (Grant, Stinson, Dawson, 2004a). The prevalence of dependence and abuse for the other groups that are older than 20 years is relatively smaller. It decreases with increased age.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Exploring the Substance Abuse Treatment Programs specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Addiction and substance dependence among women substance abusers takes a course that is similar to other groups of dependence. Large proportions of women that are dependent in their 20s will remit later in their life, with some remaining addicted into their later ages (Thoits, 2010). Most of the women who remain dependent and addicted to the substances will develop a more chronic course (Cowan et al., 2003). They are likely to experience physical and psychological conditions that are associated with the condition. Women with limited social support and stability including being unemployed , without family, and housing are more likely to remain addicted for longer, with their recovery being dependent on these factors (Weiss, Griffin, Mirin, 1992). Stressful life experiences are a contributor to the problem of drug abuse among women since it influences the treatment course (Taylor, Biswas, Vaughn, 2012; Minkoff, 2013). Recovery among the population of women who are drug abusers is better in relation to their male counterparts since most of the drug abusers that seek help are the women group (Berg, Miller, 1992). The cases of relapse with treatment are common, especially in people who have abused the substance for long. One third of the treated cases of drug abuse are the women who are known to relapse in a 10-year period. A few of them continue to have the drug abuse problem for life (Russell, Gockel, 2005). Therefore, the treatment of drug abuse for the women group is dependent on the social support among other factors. Moreover, the recovery of women drug abusers is a function of factors such as social support, pre-morbid personality, and the environment in which they are located (Ruger, Abdalla, Luekens, Cottler, 2012). Women have a better recovery from drug abuse compared to their male counterparts. The understanding of this situation is due to the wider support they have and the ease of seeking help. The average period of recovery according to Berg and Miller (1992) is 3 years. However, this period varies among individuals. Relapse is common in women drug abusers. One third of those who undergo treatment are known to relapse. The treatment of patients without elimination of the predisposing conditions causes them to relapse to their previous state. The chances of treatment after relapse are considered to reduce. Women drug abusers who experience relapse mostly end up abusing drugs for life (Berg, Miller, 1992). The treatment of women drug abusers who relapse is different from first-time patients. Evidence-Based Treatment Approaches Evi dence-based substance abuse treatment approaches for the women population have undergone a change over the last few decades. Many studies have been conducted on the most effective methods of treatment, with their findings informing the approaches (Emmelkamp, Vedel, 2006).Advertising Looking for research paper on health medicine? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Straussner (2012) is one of the researchers who looked at the evidence-based treatment modalities for substance abuse and the changes that this plan has undergone in history. The researcher states that one useful tool in the diagnosis and management of substance abuse is the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSMIV-TR), which has been useful in the management of all genders of substance abusers (Straussner, 2012). Treatment of substance abuse is mainly approached as an outpatient and inpatient approach. Rehabilitation is a major trend presently and in the past. Detoxification has largely been used, with substitution therapies being applied to treat the drug substance abusers (Straussner, 2012). Pharmacotherapy has been applied in most of the treatment modalities. In the treatment for alcohol dependence, some of the medications used include disulfuram and naltrexone (Straussner, 2012). Acamprosate is also a medication that has been tried with varying degrees of ef ficiency in reducing alcohol abuse in the general population and in women. Behavioral therapies constitute the other evidence-based method of treating substance abuse in women. They have been used successfully in most of the patients in combination with other therapies (Straussner, 2012). According to Straussner (2012, p. 129), â€Å"Behavioral therapies help people engage in the treatment and recovery process, provide incentives to remain abstinent, modify their attitudes and behaviors related to substance abuse, and increase skills to handle stress and environmental cues that may trigger craving for AOD.† Cognitive behavior therapy is another method that is widely used in the management of substance use disorders in women. The technique teaches the affected persons on how to control their thoughts and modify the maladaptive beliefs and cognitive distortions that may be pushing them to the drug abuse (Straussner, 2012). Motivational enhancement therapy and the Twelve Step Fa cilitation Therapy (TSF) are widely applied therapies that form the basis of Alcoholic Anonymous and their treatment of substance abuse (Straussner, 2012). Harm reduction is another of the models that have been used in the management of substance abuse. It originated in Europe with the adoption in the US in the late 80s to prevent the transmission of HIV among substance abusers (Straussner, 2012). Family-focused treatments have also been found to be important in the management of substance abusers. Current Substance Abuse Treatment System Traditionally, the treatment of substance abuse in the female population of patients was similar to that of male patients. Evidence provided in this essay, especially in the reviewed literature, suggests that the treatment of this special group of clients is mainly effective if they are treated in their own specialized facility (Knight, Logan, Simpson, 2001). The researchers state, â€Å"clients who receive services targeted toward their specific needs are more likely to complete treatment and that they have better outcomes at follow-up† (Knight, Logan, Simpson, 2001, p. 11). Specialized facilities for the provision of treatment for women that are known drug abusers have increased, with an on-going training for more specialists who will cater for the individual needs of this class of patients in this changing environment. The current management of substance abuse is more focused on the institution of care at the community level, with patients being managed at their homes and in the society. The measures are more effective in the current management of substance abuse in women, as it incorporates some of the social stressors that may be contributing to their substance abuse (Berg, Miller, 1992; Mott Gysin, 2003). In the changing environment of care for groups with special needs, women with substance abuse problems are more affected by changes in the health context. The current substance abuse treatment system is also focused on influencing the psychiatric and social effects of the substance abuse, with a wide use of group therapies as discussed below. Group Therapies Heather (2005) explored addictions in the context of being disorders in motivation. He suggested that motivational therapy is an effective measure in management. According to Heather (2005), the use of motivational interviewing presents a good way of dealing with addiction. The previous trials and use of the same have proved to be effective. Motivational therapy is done to patients to encourage and motivate them to relinquish their substance abuse habits. They are first motivated to have a change in attitude. Motivational enhancement therapy has been used in the management of alcohol abuse disorder with considerable success in combination with other therapies. The treatment modalities that are combined with motivational therapy require the patient to be motivated to proceed with any treatment, and thus the increased efficiency and efficacy (Berg, Miller, 1992). Smock, Trepper, Wetchler, McCollum, Ray, and Pierce (2008) looked at the efficacy of the solution-focused group therapy in the management of substance use disorders. The efficacy of the SFGT was remarkable in the study. Treatment of the drug abusers was successful in most of the instances in the study (Smock et al., 2008). However, the research was focused on the treatment of substance abuse in level-1 substance abusers. Patients who received either SFGT or the traditional treatment approach were reported to improve on either treatment (Smock et al., 2008). Nonetheless, significant improvement was noted in patients who were treated using the SFGT. The researchers concluded that the treatment of substance abuse in patients who are known substance abusers has to take that approach (Smock et al., 2008). The approach of using SFGT, which is a resiliency-based approach, is gaining popularity among clinicians treating substance abuse in health facilities. T he approach provides a feasible method of treatment of the same in any women-specific treatment programs. The popularity in the use also means that clinicians have faith in the method and that they have documented improved outcomes with treatment. The modalities will likely enhance treatment in the current health care environment, with more patients receiving direct care. Group therapies are more concerned with the treatment of individuals with similar conditions. They are tailor-made to the needs of the unique groups. Very few group therapies deal with the treatment of women who are diagnosed with substance abuse disorders. There should be more attempts to increase the number of women receiving this specialized care (Berg, Miller, 1992). The above-discussed modalities in the treatment of substance abuse in women might enhance the current health care environment. The insurance coverage for women drug abusers is a significant part of the changing health environment. Many organizatio ns offer insurance coverage for such patients. This accessibility reduces the cost of treatment for women drug abusers. Patients that are not already insured should be put in the insurance programs to reduce their treatment costs. It is important to note that most organizations involved in the treatment of women drug abusers charge for these services. This observation is one of the factors that cause those affected not to seek treatment. In the state of Florida, the number of women drug abusers is significantly dropping. This finding can be attributed to the rise of many organizations offering women-specific rehabilitation services. Conclusion and Recommendations In conclusion, the course and nature of substance abuse, addiction, recovery, and relapse among this population of women substance abusers has also been discussed. Various evidence-based approaches to treating substance abuse and addiction in various settings in the selected target population have also been discussed. Recom mendations in the management of substance abuse disorder in women are possible from the above research. The future management of the problem needs to be taken in the social setting of patients to ensure that the problems causing them to engage in substance abuse are tackled. The research establishes that poor social support for the patients often ends up complicating their management, with most of patients with poor support structures ending up with relapse. The management also needs to take a more specialized approach where structures are set to ensure that the facilities taking care of women with substance abuse disorders are treated by a specialized team of practitioners. The client group has established special needs that may be overlooked by the general practitioners who handle other needs in the society. The other recommendation is that there needs to be education that is more consistent to the public on the effects of substance abuse, with special focus on the specific effect s that the client group may experience. The education needs to be in the form of campaigns where the bodies established to deal with the problem of drug abuse constantly engage in the reduction of the main predisposing factors to the problem. The other recommendation is that treatment modalities discussed in the paper such as SFGT should be widely applied in the management of women who are drug abusers. The use of these modalities will lead to increased success in the management of patients since they present a better success rate. There is also need to carry out more research on the best methods of intervention for this group since there are more knowledge gaps, with the issue continuing to dominate in many parts of the world. Reference List Berg, K., Miller, S. (1992). Working with the Problem Drinker: A Solution-Focused Approach. New York, NY: W. W. Norton. Cowan, L., Deering, D., Crowe, M., Sellman, D., Futterman-Collier, A., Adamson, S. (2003). Alcohol and drug treatment for women: Clinicians’ beliefs and practice. International Journal of Mental Health Nursing, 12(1), 48-55. Doweiko, E. (2008). Concepts of Chemical Dependency. London: Cengage Learning. Emmelkamp, M., Vedel, E. (2006). Evidence-based treatment for alcohol and drug abuse: A practitioner’s guide to theory, methods, and practice. New York, NY: Routledge. Grant, F., Stinson, S., Dawson, A. (2004a). Prevalence and co-occurrence of substance use disorders and independent mood and anxiety disorders: results from the National Epidemiologic Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions. Archives of General Psychiatry, 61(1), 807–816. Grella, C., Greenwell, L. (2004). Substance Abuse Treatment for Women: Changes in the Settings Where Women Received Treatment and Types of Services, Journal of Behavioral Health Services Research, 31(4), 367-383. Heather, N. (2005). Motivational interviewing: Is it all our clients need? Addiction Research and Theory, 13(1), 1-18. Knight, D., Logan , S., Simpson, D. (2001). Predictors of program completion for women in residential substance abuse treatment. Am. J. Drug Alcohol Abuse, 27(1), 1-18. McCollum, E., Trepper, T., Smock, S. (2003). Solution-Focused Group Therapy for Substance Abuse: Extending Competency-Based Models. Journal of Family Psychotherapy, 14(4), 27-42. Minkoff, K. (2013, April 19). Treating Comorbid Psychiatric Substance Use Disorder. Psychiatric Times, pp. 1-10. Mott, S., Gysin, T. (2003). Post-Modern Ideas in Substance Abuse Treatment. Journal of Social Work Practice in the Addictions, 3(3), 3-19. Ruger, J., Abdalla, A., Luekens, J., Cottler, L. (2012). Cost-Effectiveness of Peer-Delivered Interventions for Cocaine and Alcohol Abuse among Women: A Randomized Controlled Trial. PLoS One, 7(3), 1-12. Russell, M., Gockel, A. (2005). Recovery Processes in a Treatment Program for Women. Journal of Social Work Practice in the Addictions, 5(4), 27-45. Smock, S., Trepper, T., Wetchler, J., McCollum, E., Ray, R., Pierce, K. (2008). Solution-Focused Group Therapy for Level 1 Substance Abusers. Journal of marital and family therapy, 34(1), 107-120. Straussner, A. (2012). Clinical Treatment of Substance Abusers: Past, Present and Future. Clin Soc Work J, 40(1), 127-133. Taylor, D., Biswas, B., Vaughn, M. 2012). Incremental Validity of Stressful Life Experiences in Predicting Psychiatric Comorbidity Among Women in Substance Abuse Treatment Rebecca. Journal of Social Service Research, 38(1), 382–391. Thoits, A. (2010). Stress and health. Journal of Health and Social Behavior, 51(1), S41–S53. Weiss, D., Griffin, L., Mirin, M. (1992). Drug abuse as self-medication for depression: An empirical study. The American Journal of Drug and Alcohol Abuse, 18(2), 121–129. Zarkin, A., Dunlap, J., Homsi, G. (2004). The substance abuse services cost analysis program (SASCAP): a new method for estimating drug treatment services costs. Evaluation and Program Planning, 27(1), 35– 43. This research paper on Exploring the Substance Abuse Treatment Programs was written and submitted by user Braxton House to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Promote Your Content Marketing

Promote Your Content Marketing We all want more visitors, more audience, and more traffic to our blog, but how will they all  find us? These days everyone is creating content, which is only compounding the problem. Isnt it impossible to  stand out from the masses and become a high-traffic blog? Its not impossible–your blog can stand out–but you need to become a public relations (PR) wizard in order to do it. One of the big secrets to understanding how blogs grow is to know the difference between PR and promotion. Without understanding the difference between the two,  the result is wasted  efforts to promote and grow your blog that feel random and without a solid strategy.  For example,  while it may make sense to write a guest post, does it really make sense to write a guest post for that particular blog? And, if I write a guest post for that blog, what topic should I write about for the best  advantage? This is where a clarity between promotion PR comes in handy. Let’s take a look. A successful blog is one that knows the difference between PR and Promotion.The Difference Between Blog Promotion And PR Promotion is what we usually think about when we talk about building traffic for our blog. Promotion is: Getting people to read your content by stimulating demand for your content across a variety of channels. On the flip side, PR is: Getting people to respect what you  have to say, and ensuring that  the overall company has a  strong public image and an abundance of  good will. In some ways, blog promotion is about the short(er) term click-throughs and links, where as blog PR is about building a long-lasting reputation as the go-to blog for expert information. For example: The Moz Blog  as the go-to SEO blog Social Media Examiner as the go-to blog for social media Copyblogger  as the  go-to blog for  copywriting Inbound Hub  as the go-to blog for inbound marketing So, how do these blogs do it? Easy! All it takes is a relentless focus on both blog promotion and blog PR. Let’s take a look at how they are different. Blog promotion is something that we talk about often here at . We advocate several strategies like email marketing, a social media promotion schedule, and repurposing your content, but there is even more to think about. I tend to look at it as four  different layers of blog promotion. 1. Owned Channels The first layer is made of up of your own channels. These might be a huge  email marketing list, a great social media presence, and  a  thorough  social media promotion schedule. These are your own channels, and they are only  the tip of the iceberg for promoting your content. 2. Earned  Channels The earned channel is made up of the various social sharing done  by your audience. This includes social media shares, nomination style distribution outlets like Inbound.org or Buffer Daily, and link-backs from other bloggers. This is primarily driven by high quality content that is easy to share. 3. Paid  Channels While  often ignored, paid promotion channels can bring a good boost to any blog, and are a good means of promotion. Great examples of this include Facebook, Twitter, StumbleUpon and Reddit. 4. Syndication  Channels Reposting (or repurposing) your content on other sites is also a great promotion strategy. Examples of this include allowing your content to be reposted on another blog, or recreating content in a new form such as SlideShare are podcast topic. Blog PR is an entirely different process than promotion with a very different goal. Blog PR tends to focus on the long term strategy. I like to think of it like this: blog promotion aims for clicks, shares, and traffic, while PR   aims for expertise, trust, and good will. It may sound hard put into action, but it really isn’t. The layers of PR   can be broken down into different audience groups like the following: 1. Subscribing Audience The first layer in your PR   strategy is definitely your current audience. This should be easy, since they are already â€Å"true believers.† You will primarily reach this group with your owned channels, and you job is basically to just not screw things up. 2. Emergent Audience The second layer of PR   is made up of the â€Å"sometimes audience members that are familiar with you, but haven’t become a â€Å"true believer† yet. These members may have visited your site once or twice, but are not yet a subscriber. These are a  common audience type for content marketing, as explained here by Rand Fishkin. 3.  Influencers The influencers layer is made up of the  connectors that already know and are connected with the people you should be talking to. You need to  cross-pollinate with these groups. Influencers help you bridge the gap between yourself and new audiences. This can be accomplished through strategic partnerships, and even the â€Å"expert† posts that bring influencers together. 4. Permitter Audience I am going to dig into this strategy a bit more later on, but the permitter audience is composed of various audience segments that you ultimately want to reach. A lot of people talk about how to understand your audience  in blogging, but they don’t always discuss how to reach these people in a practical way. This is where a strong guest blogging strategy comes into play. How  Audience Building Really Works Looking at the layers of PR   above, it is pretty easy to see how a blog audience growth works. The big idea here is to turn permitter audience members into subscribing audience members by working them through the PR process. A great way to do this is with a strategic guest blogging strategyby guest blogging. Here’s how. First, group your audience into a set of audience segments. If you need to better understand your audience, there are many ways that you can learn about them using things like Google analytics and other methods. As example of this can been seen in a few audience segments that we have here at . These audience segments could be considered your ‘permitter audience. Once you have your audience segments identified, you need to find blogs that are already serving these groups. These are the influencers that I mentioned above. They will be able to connect you with the people that you really want to talk to. From there, begin reaching out the appropriate blogs, and provide them with awesome content that will both benefit their audience and help grow yours. It should begin to look like a wheel. Each guest post will connect you to these audiences, and help define your PR strategy. Since you are not being paid to blog, you will be building good will and recognition with the very audience that you are hoping to serve as subscribers. While this isn’t a ‘get tons-of-emails quick’ strategy, it is definitely a great way to grow your influence and your long term growth. As your permitter audience is exposed to you over and over again, you will build the trust and pull necessary for them to look into what you have to offer.

Antibiotic Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Antibiotic - Essay Example Bacteria are microorganisms present in many water and soil habitats. These microorganisms are diverse in terms of shape, size and ability to cause infections. While many of bacteria species are non-infective, some strains cause infectious diseases including respiratory diseases such as tuberculosis, cholera, anthrax and many others. Antibiotics are increasingly being used in agriculture to prevent and treat bacterial infections in livestock. Antibiotic agents are also being used in livestock feeds and water to prevent and control bacterial infections. This therefore suggests that different types of antibiotics are being given to healthy livestock. These drugs accumulate in the body, creating antibiotic residue that is eventually eliminated from the system if the drugs are discontinued. However, the increased use of antibiotics in livestock has raised concerns about growing bacterial resistance against these drugs. Current efforts in agriculture focus on producing healthier livestock. This trend has led to increased use of antibiotics to promote growth, fight infections and compensate for unsanitary rearing conditions. However, the accumulation of antibiotics in food animals (antibiotic residual) poses significant risk to humans. For instance, antibiotic overuse in livestock as been associated with increased antibiotic drug resistance in humans. This leads to high levels of the drug in the system of these animals. High concentrations of the drugs kill most of the bacterial strains in these animals, especially the strains that are sensitive to the particular drugs or drug combinations. However, the sustained exposure of bacteria to antibiotics leads to the selection of bacterial strains that have the capacity to withstand high drug levels. These bacterial strains develop resistance to the drug and their relative population exceeds that of the sensitive bacterial species. This is especially

Fleet planing (AVIATION) Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Fleet planing (AVIATION) - Assignment Example It is imperative to note that the long- haul journey of fleet replacement by the New American Airways started back in 2009, when the company ordered 84 next- generation Boeing 737-800s. More over, it ordered 35 airbus A320 family aircraft from the long- time Boeing customer, which were to be delivered in 2011.The fleet replacement was intended to reduce the use of the MD80 aircraft, which were expensive in fuel consumption. This study establishes that, the new fleet replacement from the Boeing added up 35% reduction in fuel consumption on a seat mile. It is noteworthy that, the Boeing 737-800s is the epicenter of the airline’s long-haul fleet; it has with nearly 100 examples in service (New American Airways, 2009). The magnitude of operations makes the American Airways the leading operator in the world. Although the American airways operate a large Boeing fleet, it operates aircrafts from other manufacturers. The following analysis indicates the British American Airways fleet in 2011 (British American Airways, 2012). Look at the forecasts on the Boeing and Airbus web sites and any other sources you think useful. Interpolate the forecasts, as necessary, for the years to 2016 and adjust them by your own calculations and judgment. Explain why you have chosen the growth rates you use. The Market for Large Commercial Jet Transports released by the Forecast Internationals projects that 14,655 large commercial airliners will be produced in the 10-year within the period from 2012 to 2021 (Ottaway, Susan & Ian, 2007). The market research based at Connecticut approximates the value of this fabrication at $2.04 trillion in constant 2012 U.S. dollars. It is notable that, the two leading manufacturers in the market, Airbus and Boeing, are implementing production increases. They are taking into consideration ancillary increases for the future. However, establishing

E-Commerce Law Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words - 2

E-Commerce Law - Essay Example It should be noted that everybody values their privacy very much and the effort to disturb privacy is prevented by different laws in different countries. Spam or bulk emails sent as part of marketing without taking the consent of the public is definitely a privacy intrusion. Many countries already started efforts to regulate spam by implementing suitable laws. European Union has recently implemented comprehensive laws to regulate spam. The EU Directive 2002/58/EC on the protection of privacy in the electronic communications sector deals with direct marketing via email and other electronic means. The Directive requires prior consent before email is sent to the recipient unless there is already an ongoing relationship with the consumer. The Directive does not apply to legal persons however; Member states are free to extend the legislation to cover legal persons (Please provide proper citation). Advertising is an essential activity in the business world. No product or services can be effectively sold in the market without proper advertising. In other words, advertising is the basic right of the product manufacturers and service providers. At the same time, consumers or general public also have some basic rights. Privacy is a basic right of the ordinary people. Advertisers can conduct advertising activities as long as they stay away for violating the privacy rights of the ordinary people. In short, spam or bulk emails sent to the public without taking consent can be considered as illegal because of privacy violation. According to the spam regulation laws in UK, electronic mail marketing messages should not be sent to individuals without their permission. Both the sender and the recipient should agree each other for sending and receiving bulk emails. UK laws with respect to spam have lot of loopholes. It allows senders to send marketing mails to an existing customer. In other

Type 2 Diabetes Leg Ulcer Case Study

Type 2 Diabetes Leg Ulcer Case Study This essay will focus on Molly who is an 82-year-old female who has type II diabetes and has developed a leg ulcer. This essay will primarily focus on Molly’s leg ulcer. It will also discuss how primary health care (PHC) relates to the patient, how it can assist Molly with her health problems, providing her sufficient information and adequate care. Two principals will be discussed from the Wellness Model, these include ‘positivity is empowerment’ and ‘wellness is an active process’ and how it relates to Molly’s situation. A learning program will also be presented; this will discuss two teaching methods in regards to the leg ulcer and new skills and behaviors that can benefit Molly. It will also discuss what other health professionals can be included in her care and resources that can support her learning. The essay will also discuss the support that can be given to her husband after she has passed away. The leg ulcer that Molly has developed can impact on her life dramatically, it may cause Molly to feel self-conscious, it can force Molly to socially isolate herself from the community and spend her time indoors. It may also affect her health, due to the leg ulcer; she will be unable to mobilize independently due to pain, increasing the risk of more pressure ulcers. Primary healthcare (PHC) is essential care that is made to be accessible to all people. It is based on various factors such as practical, scientifically, technology and socially acceptable methods. It requires the full participation of individuals and it is important that primary healthcare is affordable to maintain self-reliance and self-determination (Koutoukidis, Stainton, Hughson, 2013). Primary health care has an important aspect to Molly’s health, it can assist Molly’s developed leg ulcer. PHC will provide her with the sufficient information and adequate care that she will need to manage the leg ulcer . It is very important for Molly to receive the appropriate care that she requires as it will allow her to understand her condition (Koutoukidis, Stainton, Hughson, 2013). Molly is financially stable, as she has been seeking medical treatment, where she has to treatment for her leg ulcer. The local GP has also recommended for Molly that she should sit with her leg up to promote healing. PHC will also allow Molly to contribute in decision-making, this will permit her to have a say in the care she will receive, and make her feel in control of the situation and to maintain her independence (Koutoukidis, Stainton, Hughson, 2013). Wellness is defined as having maximum health, it relates to an individual making a decision that contributes in improving their health and gives an opportunity for them to be able to live to their full potential (Koutoukidis, Stainton, Hughson, 2013). Wellness is identified to be ‘holistic’, and includes 6 dimensions, social, occupational, spiritual, physical, intellectual and emotional wellness (Southern New Hampshire University, 2015). Using the wellness model, we are able to support Molly by helping her make positive changes that improve her level of health. By promoting one of the principles ‘Wellness is an active process,’ Molly will be provided with assistance and education that will expand her knowledge, permitting her to learn more about how to manage her leg ulcer, and learn different ways in handling her health concerns, increasing her independence (Southern New Hampshire University, 2015). Another principle that we can promote for Molly is Ã¢â‚¬Ë œPositivity is empowerment’. This principle takes into consideration ones feelings, meaning that having a negative attitude can affect the health outcome, whereas, having a positive attitude can help the patient feel empowered and in control of a situation (Southern New Hampshire University, 2015). Promoting the principle ‘Positivity is empowerment’ for Molly will motivate her into making significant changes in her health without having the need to doubt herself in her decisions. Positivity has a great effect to how Molly perceives her situation whereas; having a negative effect can bring her down and impact on her healing (Southern New Hampshire University, 2015). Health care providers will also be there to support Molly in anything that she will need and reassure her if things don’t go to plan. Within Australia, the incidence of diabetes amongst the adults is 4%, this rate has risen from 1.5% since 1989 (Australian Institute of Health and Welfare, 2015). There are two main issues that are related to insulin in type 2 diabetes, the inability of the body to secrete insulin and insulin resistance. Normally, insulin would bind to receptors on cell surfaces and initiates a reaction that is involved in glucose metabolism. However, in type 2 diabetes, this process is impeded, which leads insulin less effective at stimulating glucose uptake by the tissues and the release of glucose in the liver (Farrell Dempsey, 2011).A factor that may have caused Molly’s leg ulcer is the loss of sensory due to neuropathy. Pain and temperature are the first sensations that are affected by neuropathy, this makes it difficult for the patient to feel tissue damage, inflammation, or injury (Meiner, 2014). Molly’s eyesight may be deteriorating due to diabetic retinopathy (DR). This is mai nly caused because of micro vascular damage that diabetes inflicts in the body. Hyperglycemia  damages the retinal vasculature and the progression of retinopathy is caused by the severity and duration of high blood sugars (Shah, 2008). Both a physiotherapist and a dietician would be recommended to assist Molly on her health issue. The physiotherapist would be involved in renewing her mobility and relieve any pain that she may be feeling, a dietician will be able to introduce Molly to a new healthy eating diet (Funnel, Koutoukidis, Lawrence, 2009). Eating healthier can promote wound healing, as her blood sugar levels will be manageable increasing the blood supply to her feet (Diabetes Australia, 2015). Molly can be taught how to look after her leg ulcer by demonstrating how to treat and prevent infections. A way we can teach her is by using very simple verbal discussion and demonstrations so that she is able to understand. If she is unable to understand what is discussed, she can be provided with information sheets or pamphlets with large writing and pictures showing her instructions. By doing this it will help Molly understand on how to keep her ulcer clean and prevent further infections. This is a very important skill to have if she is unable to access a clinical facility, Molly will be able to change her dressing on her own or with the help of her husband (The State of Queensland, 2012). A community program that Molly can be introduced to is The Leg Ulcer Prevention Program, which is available for people who are receiving care for leg ulcers. This program assists people to better care for their ulcer, by helping them manage chronic disease risk factors, promote wound healing and the reoccurrence of leg ulcers. This program also helps patients with treatment and helps them take ownership of their leg ulcer and self-care activities (Kapp, Miller, Donohue, 2010). An additional program that can be used to support Molly’s learning program is a pamphlet called ‘The Care of Venous Leg Ulcers’ this pamphlet is able to explain how essential it is to manage a leg ulcer and it clarifies how to care for it on a daily basis. This pamphlet must also be altered to meet Molly’s needs such as enlarging that word size so that she will be able to read more clearly (AWMA, 2012). Grief is described as feelings experienced by an individual that accompany an unexpected or actual loss that may occur in life (Farrell Dempsy, 2011). Supporting the spouse in this grieving situation is important. Developing a therapeutic relationship between the enrolled nurse and spouse can allow the spouse to feel comfortable and encouraged to communicate their feelings and work through it. This will allow the spouse to express their feelings of loss, even anger (Funnel, Koutoukidis, Lawrence, 2009). The nurse has to remember that if anger is shown, it is not towards them or anyone but a way of responding to the situation occurring. By encouraging the spouse to communicate and express their feelings of loss are important components of a nurse’s role. The nurse requires a caring, willingness to listen and an understanding empathic approach. If the nurse shows this, the person is more likely to feel comfortable to express their feelings if they feel the nurse is willing to listen to their concerns (Funnel, Koutoukidis, Lawrence, 2009). In a grieving situation the nurse cannot grieve for a person; the nurse will acknowledg e the loss, by facilitating the expression of feelings and thoughts and providing appropriate support as they move on the feelings of grieving. The nurse should respect the spouse if he is not willing to express his feelings of grief, although the nurse can make it clear that if he decides to do at a later opportunity it can be possible (Funnel, Koutoukidis, Lawrence, 2009). A service that would be recommended for Pat is Reach Out. Reach out (http://au.reachout.com/working-through-grief#strategies%20) is a service providing strategies and support to individuals who are going through grief, it will give Pat the reassurance that there are people out there, including his family who will be there to support him in this very difficult time. In conclusion Molly was able to receive all the appropriate care the she needed to address her health issue but unfortunately has passed away. Pat is currently under care with the support of family members and health care providers. References: Australian Wound Management Association (AWMA). (2012). Care of Venous Leg Ulcers. Retrieved from AWMA: http://www.awma.com.au/publications/vlu_patient_info_a4_2012-08-21.pdf Australian Institute of Health and Welfare. (2015). Diabetes. Retrieved from Authoritative information and statistics to promote better health and wellbeing: http://www.aihw.gov.au/diabetes/ Diabetes Australia. (2015). Diabetes and Your Feet. Retrieved from Diabetes Australia: https://www.diabetesaustralia.com.au/Living-with-Diabetes/MindBody/DiabetesYour-Feet/ Farrell, M., Dempsey, J. (2011). Smeltzer and Bare’s Textbook of Medical-Surgical Nursing, volume 1 2 (2nd Edition). Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams Wilkins Funnel, R., Koutoukidis, G., Lawrence. (2009). Tabbner’s Nursing Care (5th Edition). Australia: Elsevier Kapp, S., Miller, C., Donohue, L. (2010). The Leg Ulcer Prevention Program: nurse perspectives on a multimedia client education package for people with venous leg ulcers. Wound Practice Research, 18(2), 91-99. Koutoukidis, G., Stainton, K., Hughson, J. (2013). Tabbner’s Nursing Care: Theory and Practice (6th Edition). Australia: Elsevier. Meiner, E. S. (2014). Gerontologic Nursing (5th Edition). Retrieved from https://books.google.com.au/books?id=V-4TBQAAQBAJpg=PA620dq=the+relationship+between+leg+ulcers+and+diabeteshl=ensa=Xei=TnMOVbq-MYKB8gW5r4HwAQved=0CDYQ6AEwBTgK#v=onepageqf=false Reach Out Australia. (2014). Working through grief. Retrieved from ReachOut.com: (http://au.reachout.com/working-through-grief#strategies%20) Shah, C. (2008). Diabetic retinopathy: A comprehensive review. Indian Journal Of Medical Sciences, 62(12), 500-519. Retrieved from http://go.galegroup.com.ezproxy.lib.monash.edu.au/ps/retrieve.do?sgHitCountType=Nonesort=RELEVANCEinPS=trueprodId=AONEuserGroupName=monashtabID=T002searchId=R1resultListType=RESULT_LISTcontentSegment=searchType=AdvancedSearchFormcurrentPosition=1contentSet=GALE%7CA195127190docId=GALE|A195127190docType=GALErole = Southern New Hampshire University (2015). Wellness Model. Retrieved from Southern New Hampshire University: http://www.snhu.edu/2354.asp The State of Queensland. (2012). A way with words: A guideline for the portrayal of people with disability. Retrieved from https://www.qld.gov.au/disability/documents/community/way-with-words.pdf

Impact of Chinese Heritage on Maxine Hong Kingstons The Woman Warrior

Impact of Chinese Heritage on Maxine Hong Kingston's The Woman Warrior "Haunted by the power of images? I do feel that I go into madness and chaos. There's a journey of everything falling apart, even the meaning and the order that I can put on something by the writing." —Maxine Hong Kingston It is true that some dream in color, and some dream in black and white. Some dream in Sonic sounds, and some dream in silence. In Maxine Hong Kingston's literary works, the readers enter a soundless dream that is painted entirely in the color of black—different shades and blocks of pigments mixing and clashing with each other, opening up infinite possibilities for both beautiful if frightening nightmares and impossible dreams. An Asian-American writer growing up in a tight and traditional Chinese community in California, Kingston is placed by her background and time period to be at the unique nexus of an aged, stale social institution and a youthful, boisterous one. She has had to face life as an alien to the culture of the land she grew up in, as well as a last witness of some scattered and unspeakably tragic old ideals. She saw the sufferings and has suffered herself; but instead of living life demurely in the dark corner of the family room like she was expected to, Kingston became the first woman warrior to voice the plight of the mute females in both Chinese and American societies. The seemingly immeasurable and indeed unconquerable gap between the two fundamentally divided cultures comes together in herself and her largely autobiographical work The Woman Warrior: Memoirs of a Girlhood Among Ghosts. One of the most striking features about Kingston's writings in The Woman Warrior is her use of poignant imageries—ghosts, sil... ..., the dreams, the need to escape from social reality—they were what her heart saw growing up in that little forsaken old Chinese village in California, and they alone hold any deep significance to her and her writings. With a blazing desire to free the oppressed female voices, Kingston started with her own. Thus born The Woman Warrior, a chronicle of a Chinese American woman's personal sufferings and triumphs, of duplicities and truths, and of struggles and breakaways; a requiem for all the victims of the old culture whose soundless cries have not been heard and who died without a name, engulfed by the darkness and the silence. In her world then, at least, the failed heroine Fa Mu Lan is redeemed. Works Cited Kingston, Maxine Hong. The Woman Warrior: Memoirs of a Girlhood Among Ghosts. New York: Random House, 1975. Vintage International Edition, April 1989. Impact of Chinese Heritage on Maxine Hong Kingston's The Woman Warrior Impact of Chinese Heritage on Maxine Hong Kingston's The Woman Warrior "Haunted by the power of images? I do feel that I go into madness and chaos. There's a journey of everything falling apart, even the meaning and the order that I can put on something by the writing." —Maxine Hong Kingston It is true that some dream in color, and some dream in black and white. Some dream in Sonic sounds, and some dream in silence. In Maxine Hong Kingston's literary works, the readers enter a soundless dream that is painted entirely in the color of black—different shades and blocks of pigments mixing and clashing with each other, opening up infinite possibilities for both beautiful if frightening nightmares and impossible dreams. An Asian-American writer growing up in a tight and traditional Chinese community in California, Kingston is placed by her background and time period to be at the unique nexus of an aged, stale social institution and a youthful, boisterous one. She has had to face life as an alien to the culture of the land she grew up in, as well as a last witness of some scattered and unspeakably tragic old ideals. She saw the sufferings and has suffered herself; but instead of living life demurely in the dark corner of the family room like she was expected to, Kingston became the first woman warrior to voice the plight of the mute females in both Chinese and American societies. The seemingly immeasurable and indeed unconquerable gap between the two fundamentally divided cultures comes together in herself and her largely autobiographical work The Woman Warrior: Memoirs of a Girlhood Among Ghosts. One of the most striking features about Kingston's writings in The Woman Warrior is her use of poignant imageries—ghosts, sil... ..., the dreams, the need to escape from social reality—they were what her heart saw growing up in that little forsaken old Chinese village in California, and they alone hold any deep significance to her and her writings. With a blazing desire to free the oppressed female voices, Kingston started with her own. Thus born The Woman Warrior, a chronicle of a Chinese American woman's personal sufferings and triumphs, of duplicities and truths, and of struggles and breakaways; a requiem for all the victims of the old culture whose soundless cries have not been heard and who died without a name, engulfed by the darkness and the silence. In her world then, at least, the failed heroine Fa Mu Lan is redeemed. Works Cited Kingston, Maxine Hong. The Woman Warrior: Memoirs of a Girlhood Among Ghosts. New York: Random House, 1975. Vintage International Edition, April 1989.